Chart.js
Chart.js 是免费的 JavaScript 库,用于制作基于 HTML 的图表。
它是最简单的 JavaScript 可视化库之一,并带有以下内置图表类型:
- 散点图(Scatter Plot)
- 折线图(Line Chart)
- 条形图(Bar Chart)
- 饼图(Pie Chart)
- 甜甜圈图(Donut Chart)
- 气泡图(Bubble Chart)
- 面积图(Area Chart)
- 雷达图(Radar Chart)
- 混合图(Mixed Chart)
如何使用 Chart.js?
Chart.js 很容易使用。
首先,添加指向提供 CDN(内容分发网络)的链接:
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/Chart.js/2.9.4/Chart.js"> </script>
然后,将 <canvas> 添加到要绘制图表的位置:
<canvas id="myChart" style="width:100%;max-width:700px"></canvas>
canvas 元素必须有一个唯一的 id。
这是这样!
典型的散点图语法:
const myChart = new Chart("myChart", { type: "scatter", data: {}, options: {} });
典型的折线图语法:
const myChart = new Chart("myChart", { type: "line", data: {}, options: {} });
典型的条形图语法:
const myChart = new Chart("myChart", { type: "bar", data: {}, options: {} });
散点图
房价 vs. 面积
源代码
const xyValues = [ {x:50, y:7}, {x:60, y:8}, {x:70, y:8}, {x:80, y:9}, {x:90, y:9}, {x:100, y:9}, {x:110, y:10}, {x:120, y:11}, {x:130, y:14}, {x:140, y:14}, {x:150, y:15} ]; new Chart("myChart", { type: "scatter", data: { datasets: [{ pointRadius: 4, pointBackgroundColor: "rgba(0,0,255,1)", data: xyValues }] }, options:{...} });
折线图
房价 vs. 面积
源代码
const xValues = [50,60,70,80,90,100,110,120,130,140,150]; const yValues = [7,8,8,9,9,9,10,11,14,14,15]; new Chart("myChart", { type: "line", data: { labels: xValues, datasets: [{ backgroundColor:"rgba(0,0,255,1.0)", borderColor: "rgba(0,0,255,0.1)", data: yValues }] }, options:{...} });
如果将 borderColor 设置为 0
,则可以散点图绘制折线图:
borderColor: "rgba(0,0,0,0)",
多行
源代码
const xValues = [100,200,300,400,500,600,700,800,900,1000]; new Chart("myChart", { type: "line", data: { labels: xValues, datasets: [{ data: [860,1140,1060,1060,1070,1110,1330,2210,7830,2478], borderColor: "red", fill: false },{ data: [1600,1700,1700,1900,2000,2700,4000,5000,6000,7000], borderColor: "green", fill: false },{ data: [300,700,2000,5000,6000,4000,2000,1000,200,100], borderColor: "blue", fill: false }] }, options: { legend: {display: false} } });
线性图
源代码
const xValues = []; const yValues = []; generateData("x * 2 + 7", 0, 10, 0.5); new Chart("myChart", { type: "line", data: { labels: xValues, datasets: [{ fill: false, pointRadius: 1, borderColor: "rgba(255,0,0,0.5)", data: yValues }] }, options: {...} }); function generateData(value, i1, i2, step = 1) { for (let x = i1; x <= i2; x += step) { yValues.push(eval(value)); xValues.push(x); } }
条形图
源代码
var xValues = ["意大利", "法国", "西班牙", "美国", "阿根廷"]; var yValues = [55, 49, 44, 24, 15]; var barColors = ["red", "green","blue","orange","brown"]; new Chart("myChart", { type: "bar", data: { labels: xValues, datasets: [{ backgroundColor: barColors, data: yValues }] }, options: {...} });
只给一条上色:
var barColors = ["blue"];
所有条只有一种颜色:
var barColors ="red";
不同深浅的颜色:
var barColors = [ "rgba(0,0,255,1.0)", "rgba(0,0,255,0.8)", "rgba(0,0,255,0.6)", "rgba(0,0,255,0.4)", "rgba(0,0,255,0.2)", ];
水平条形图
只需将 type 由 "bar"
改为 "horizontalBar"
:
type: "horizontalBar",
饼图
实例
new Chart("myChart", { type: "pie", data: { labels: xValues, datasets: [{ backgroundColor: barColors, data: yValues }] }, options: { title: { display: true, text: "全球葡萄酒生产" } } });